Files
cabrits-math/lib/math/fractions.ts
2026-07-05 11:12:45 -04:00

111 lines
3.0 KiB
TypeScript

export function gcd(a: number, b: number): number {
a = Math.abs(a);
b = Math.abs(b);
while (b) {
[a, b] = [b, a % b];
}
return a;
}
export function lcm(a: number, b: number): number {
return Math.abs(a * b) / gcd(a, b);
}
/**
* An immutable fraction. Sign is kept on the numerator; arithmetic returns a new
* Fraction and does NOT auto-simplify — call `.simplified()` when you want lowest
* terms (this lets teaching views show the un-reduced working). Prefer this over
* passing `(num, den)` pairs around: positional pairs are easy to mis-order.
*/
export class Fraction {
readonly n: number;
readonly d: number;
constructor(n: number, d: number) {
// Canonical sign: keep it on the numerator. A zero denominator is tolerated
// (kept as-is) so divide-by-zero in a lesson renders rather than throwing.
if (d < 0) {
n = -n;
d = -d;
}
this.n = n;
this.d = d;
}
static of(n: number, d: number): Fraction {
return new Fraction(n, d);
}
get isZero(): boolean {
return this.n === 0;
}
plus(o: Fraction): Fraction {
return new Fraction(this.n * o.d + o.n * this.d, this.d * o.d);
}
minus(o: Fraction): Fraction {
return new Fraction(this.n * o.d - o.n * this.d, this.d * o.d);
}
times(o: Fraction): Fraction {
return new Fraction(this.n * o.n, this.d * o.d);
}
dividedBy(o: Fraction): Fraction {
return new Fraction(this.n * o.d, this.d * o.n);
}
simplified(): Fraction {
if (this.d === 0) return this;
if (this.n === 0) return new Fraction(0, 1);
const g = gcd(Math.abs(this.n), Math.abs(this.d));
return new Fraction(this.n / g, this.d / g);
}
get isSimplified(): boolean {
return gcd(Math.abs(this.n), Math.abs(this.d)) === 1;
}
/** Value equality (cross-multiplication), independent of the written form. */
equals(o: Fraction): boolean {
return this.n * o.d === o.n * this.d;
}
toDecimal(): number {
return this.n / this.d;
}
/** [whole, remainderNumerator, denominator] */
toMixed(): [number, number, number] {
const whole = Math.trunc(this.n / this.d);
const remainder = Math.abs(this.n % this.d);
return [whole, remainder, this.d];
}
toKatex(): string {
if (this.d === 1) return `${this.n}`;
return `\\frac{${this.n}}{${this.d}}`;
}
/** Like toKatex, but writes negatives with the sign in front: -\frac{3}{4} rather than \frac{-3}{4}. */
toSignedKatex(): string {
if (this.d === 1) return `${this.n}`;
const sign = this.n < 0 ? "-" : "";
return `${sign}\\frac{${Math.abs(this.n)}}{${this.d}}`;
}
toString(): string {
return this.d === 1 ? `${this.n}` : `${this.n}/${this.d}`;
}
}
/**
* Convenience KaTeX formatter for raw (num, den) pairs. Handy in the step-by-step
* lesson views, which build up strings from loose numerators/denominators rather
* than Fraction objects. For arithmetic, use the Fraction class instead.
*/
export function toKatex(n: number, d: number): string {
return new Fraction(n, d).toKatex();
}