binary to decimal
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317
components/explorers/binary-converter-explorer.tsx
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317
components/explorers/binary-converter-explorer.tsx
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"use client";
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import { useState, useMemo, useCallback } from "react";
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import { Card } from "@/components/ui/card";
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const PRESETS = ["101", "1011", "1101", "10101", "11000", "11111", "100000", "110010"];
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interface Column {
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exponent: number;
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placeValue: number;
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digit: string;
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contrib: number;
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isOne: boolean;
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}
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function powerOfTwo(n: number) {
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let v = 1;
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for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) v *= 2;
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return v;
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}
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function buildColumnsFor(binaryStr: string): Column[] {
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const n = binaryStr.length;
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const cols: Column[] = [];
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for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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const exponent = n - 1 - i;
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const digit = binaryStr[i];
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const placeValue = powerOfTwo(exponent);
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const isOne = digit === "1";
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cols.push({
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exponent,
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placeValue,
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digit,
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contrib: parseInt(digit, 10) * placeValue,
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isOne,
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});
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}
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return cols;
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}
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function emptyColumns(): Column[] {
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const cols: Column[] = [];
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for (let exp = 5; exp >= 0; exp--) {
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cols.push({
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exponent: exp,
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placeValue: powerOfTwo(exp),
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digit: "_",
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contrib: 0,
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isOne: false,
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});
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}
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return cols;
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}
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export function BinaryConverterExplorer() {
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const [input, setInput] = useState("");
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const [submitted, setSubmitted] = useState<string | null>(null);
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const [error, setError] = useState("");
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const [answerHidden, setAnswerHidden] = useState(false);
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const [chartHidden, setChartHidden] = useState(false);
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const handleInputChange = (value: string) => {
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setInput(value.replace(/[^01]/g, ""));
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setError("");
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};
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const convert = useCallback((raw?: string) => {
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const source = (raw ?? input).trim();
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if (source.length === 0) {
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setError("Type a binary number first (only 0s and 1s).");
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setSubmitted(null);
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return;
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}
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if (!/^[01]+$/.test(source)) {
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setError("Binary numbers use only 0 and 1. Found another digit.");
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setSubmitted(null);
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return;
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}
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if (source.length > 8) {
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setError("Keep it to 8 digits or fewer for this lesson.");
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return;
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}
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setError("");
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setSubmitted(source);
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}, [input]);
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const applyPreset = (value: string) => {
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setInput(value);
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convert(value);
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};
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const handleClear = () => {
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setInput("");
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setSubmitted(null);
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setError("");
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};
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const handleRandom = () => {
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const len = 3 + Math.floor(Math.random() * 4);
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let s = "1";
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for (let i = 1; i < len; i++) {
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s += Math.random() < 0.5 ? "0" : "1";
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}
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setInput(s);
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convert(s);
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};
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const columns = useMemo(() => {
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if (!submitted) return emptyColumns();
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return buildColumnsFor(submitted);
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}, [submitted]);
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const total = useMemo(() => {
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if (!submitted) return 0;
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return columns.reduce((acc, c) => acc + c.contrib, 0);
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}, [columns, submitted]);
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const fullExpansion = submitted
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? columns.map((c) => `${c.digit}×${c.placeValue}`).join(" + ")
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: "";
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const onesOnly = submitted
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? columns.filter((c) => c.isOne).length > 0
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? columns.filter((c) => c.isOne).map((c) => c.placeValue).join(" + ") + " = " + total
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: "0"
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: "";
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return (
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<div className="space-y-4">
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{/* Input Card */}
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<Card>
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<p className="mb-3 text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-wider text-unit-6">
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Type a Binary Number
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</p>
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<div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3">
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<label
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htmlFor="binaryInput"
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className="text-sm font-bold text-unit-6-dark"
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>
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Binary:
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</label>
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<input
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id="binaryInput"
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type="text"
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inputMode="numeric"
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maxLength={8}
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autoComplete="off"
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spellCheck={false}
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placeholder="e.g. 1011"
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value={input}
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onChange={(e) => handleInputChange(e.target.value)}
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onKeyDown={(e) => {
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if (e.key === "Enter") convert();
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}}
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className="w-44 rounded-lg border-2 border-unit-6 bg-surface px-3 py-2 text-center font-mono text-2xl font-bold tracking-[0.3em] text-unit-6 outline-none focus:border-unit-6-dark"
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aria-label="Binary number input"
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/>
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<button
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onClick={() => convert()}
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className="rounded-lg bg-unit-6 px-5 py-2.5 text-sm font-bold text-white transition-colors hover:bg-unit-6-dark"
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>
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Convert
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</button>
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<button
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onClick={handleClear}
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className="rounded-lg border-2 border-border bg-surface px-4 py-2 text-sm font-bold text-muted transition-colors hover:border-unit-6/50 hover:text-unit-6"
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>
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Clear
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</button>
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<button
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onClick={handleRandom}
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className="rounded-lg border-2 border-border bg-surface px-4 py-2 text-sm font-bold text-muted transition-colors hover:border-unit-6/50 hover:text-unit-6"
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>
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Random
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</button>
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</div>
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<div className="mt-4 flex flex-wrap gap-2">
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{PRESETS.map((p) => (
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<button
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key={p}
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onClick={() => applyPreset(p)}
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className="rounded-lg border-2 border-unit-6/30 bg-unit-6-light px-3 py-1 font-mono text-sm font-bold tracking-widest text-unit-6-dark transition-colors hover:border-unit-6 hover:bg-unit-6 hover:text-white"
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>
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{p}
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</button>
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))}
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</div>
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{error && (
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<p className="mt-3 rounded-lg border-2 border-incorrect bg-incorrect-light px-3 py-2 text-center text-sm font-bold text-incorrect">
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{error}
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</p>
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)}
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</Card>
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{/* Place value chart */}
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<Card>
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<div className="mb-3 flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-2">
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<p className="text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-wider text-unit-6">
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Place Value Chart (powers of 2)
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</p>
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<button
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onClick={() => setChartHidden((v) => !v)}
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className="rounded-md border border-border bg-surface px-2.5 py-1 text-xs font-semibold text-muted transition-colors hover:border-unit-6/50 hover:text-unit-6"
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>
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{chartHidden ? "Show Chart" : "Hide Chart"}
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</button>
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</div>
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{!chartHidden && (
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<div className="overflow-x-auto rounded-xl border-2 border-unit-6/30 bg-unit-6-light/40 p-3">
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<table className="mx-auto border-collapse font-mono">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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{columns.map((c) => (
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<td
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key={`p-${c.exponent}`}
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className="min-w-[64px] border-2 border-unit-6/40 bg-unit-6-light px-4 py-2 text-center text-sm font-bold text-unit-6-dark"
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>
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2<sup>{c.exponent}</sup>
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</td>
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))}
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</tr>
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<tr>
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{columns.map((c) => (
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<td
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key={`v-${c.exponent}`}
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className="min-w-[64px] border-2 border-unit-6/40 bg-surface px-4 py-2 text-center text-base font-bold text-unit-6"
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>
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{c.placeValue}
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</td>
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))}
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</tr>
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<tr>
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{columns.map((c, i) => (
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<td
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key={`d-${i}`}
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className={`min-w-[64px] border-2 border-unit-6/40 px-4 py-2 text-center text-2xl font-extrabold ${
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c.digit === "1"
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? "bg-correct-light text-correct"
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: c.digit === "_"
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? "bg-surface text-muted/60"
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: "bg-surface text-muted"
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}`}
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>
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{c.digit}
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</td>
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))}
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</tr>
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<tr>
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{columns.map((c, i) => (
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<td
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key={`c-${i}`}
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className={`min-w-[64px] border-2 border-unit-6/40 px-4 py-2 text-center text-sm font-bold ${
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c.isOne
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? "bg-correct-light text-correct"
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: c.digit === "_"
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? "bg-[#fafbfc] text-muted/60"
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: "bg-[#fafbfc] text-muted"
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}`}
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>
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{submitted ? c.contrib : "_"}
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</td>
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))}
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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)}
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{submitted && (
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<div className="mt-4 text-center font-mono text-base font-bold text-unit-6">
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<div>{fullExpansion}</div>
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<div>= {onesOnly}</div>
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</div>
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)}
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</Card>
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{/* Answer banner */}
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<Card
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className={`flex min-h-[90px] flex-col items-center justify-center gap-2 text-center ${
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submitted && !answerHidden
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? "border-correct bg-correct-light"
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: "border-unit-6/30 bg-unit-6-light/60"
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}`}
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>
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{!submitted ? (
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<p className="font-mono text-base font-bold text-unit-6">
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Type a binary number above and press Convert.
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</p>
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) : answerHidden ? (
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<p className="font-mono text-lg font-bold text-unit-6">
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{submitted}<sub>2</sub> = ? (press Show Answer)
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</p>
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) : (
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<p className="font-mono text-2xl font-extrabold text-correct">
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{submitted}<sub>2</sub> = {total} in denary
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</p>
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)}
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<button
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onClick={() => setAnswerHidden((v) => !v)}
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className="mt-1 rounded-md border border-border bg-surface px-3 py-1 text-xs font-semibold text-muted transition-colors hover:border-unit-6/50 hover:text-unit-6"
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>
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{answerHidden ? "Show Answer" : "Hide Answer"}
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</button>
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</Card>
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{/* Footer note */}
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<Card className="border-l-4 border-l-unit-6 bg-unit-6-light/40">
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<p className="text-sm text-unit-6-dark">
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<strong>For students:</strong> solve on paper <em>first</em> using the chart in your worksheet. Type the binary number here only to <em>check</em>. The lesson is in the chart, not the click.
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</p>
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</Card>
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</div>
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);
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}
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